“GLP-1 probiotics” or “GLP-1 supplements” are marketed as a natural way to boost GLP-1 levels in the body. This sounds a lot like what prescription drugs like semaglutide (sold as Ozempic or Wegovy) do. But do these over-the-counter products actually work? Let’s look at the facts.

This article explains what GLP-1 is, what it does in your body, what’s in these so-called GLP-1 probiotics and supplements, and what science says about whether they help with weight loss.

What Is GLP-1 and What Does It Do?

GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide 1. It’s a hormone made naturally by your intestines, especially right after you eat. GLP-1 has multiple important jobs in your body, including the following:

• It signals the pancreas to release insulin, which lowers blood glucose (blood sugar).
• It blocks the release of glucagon, a hormone in the pancreas that increases blood sugar.
• It slows down how fast food leaves your stomach, helping you feel full longer.
• It signals your brain to reduce appetite.

Because of the effects, scientists have made medications that mimic GLP-1. These drugs are called GLP-1 receptor agonists, and they’re used to treat type 2 diabetes and help people lose weight. Examples include semaglutide and tirzepatide (sold as Mounjaro and Zepbound), which are prescribed by doctors.

These drugs are powerful and work by raising GLP-1 activity in the body to a level far above what happens naturally. They’ve been shown to help people lose a significant amount of weight when combined with diet and exercise.

What Are GLP-1 Probiotics and Supplements?

Some companies are now selling so-called GLP-1 probiotics and GLP-1 supplements, claiming they can naturally increase GLP-1 in your body and help you lose weight. These products do not contain real GLP-1 or anything close to it. Instead, they contain ingredients like:

• Probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium and Clostridium
• Berberine, a plant-based compound
• Inulin, a type of fiber
• Curcumin, yerba mate, or ginseng

These ingredients are marketed as ways to increase natural GLP-1 production in your gut. But the science behind these claims is limited, and the results are not close to the effects of real GLP-1 drugs.

Some popular examples of GLP-1 supplements include products like Pendulum Glucose Control, which combines specific probiotic strains, and formulations from lesser-known wellness brands found online. While they often advertise support for blood sugar balance or appetite control, none are backed by the type of clinical trials used for medications.

What Does the Science Say About GLP-1 Probiotics and Supplements?

Let’s take a closer look at some of the individual ingredients seen in advertisements for GLP-1 supplements and probiotics.

Probiotics: Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus

Some early research suggests that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains may support gut health and metabolism. A few small animal studies show these bacteria could slightly increase GLP-1 levels. For example, one study found that certain strains of Lactobacillus improved GLP-1 secretion in mice, but a review of studies in humans didn’t show major effects on body weight in humans.

Right now, there is no strong evidence that these probiotics meaningfully raise GLP-1 or lead to weight loss in humans.

Berberine

Berberine is a plant compound that has been studied for its effects on blood sugar. Some small studies suggest it may help improve insulin sensitivity and possibly increase GLP-1 a little in animals. But most of these studies are small or have not been done in humans.

One review notes that while berberine may have some promise, it’s not proven to safely or consistently raise GLP-1 in people, and higher-quality research needs to be performed.

Also, berberine may interact with medications and is not recommended for people who are pregnant or who have liver issues. Some people may also experience digestive side effects like cramping or diarrhea.

Inulin

Inulin is a type of prebiotic fiber found in foods like onions and bananas. It feeds good gut bacteria and may help with digestion.

In one study, people with prediabetes took either inulin or another type of fiber, and they showed more weight loss in the inulin group. There are still no studies looking at how inulin affects GLP-1 in the body and whether or not it would be a reliable weight loss supplement. Inulin may be helpful as a part of a healthy diet, but it’s not a shortcut for weight loss or blood sugar control.

Do These Supplements Work Like Ozempic or Wegovy?

No, they don’t. GLP-1 medications like semaglutide and tirzepatide are prescription drugs that are injected under the skin and slowly make their way into your bloodstream. They are carefully studied, approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and show clear results for weight loss and blood sugar control in large trials.

GLP-1 supplements and probiotics:

• Are taken by mouth
• Work slowly, if at all
• Have not been proven to cause significant weight loss
• Are not regulated by the FDA the same way drugs are

Some products even make claims that are misleading or not backed by any science. There is no over-the-counter GLP-1 drug. And there is no supplement that works the same way or as well as prescription GLP-1 medications.

If a supplement sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Be wary of any messages of “Ozempic-like” results without a prescription or a doctor’s guidance.

Risks and Concerns With GLP-1 Probiotics and Supplements

Many people assume supplements are harmless because they’re “natural.” But that’s not always true.

Supplements Are Not Regulated Like Medicines

In the U.S., supplements do not need FDA approval before being sold. That means companies don’t have to prove their products work or even that they’re safe. Tests have found some supplements contain different ingredients than listed or no active ingredients at all.

This can be especially risky for people who have other health problems, are pregnant, or are taking medications.

Possible Side Effects

Some ingredients, like berberine or inulin, can cause:

• Nausea
• Diarrhea or bloating
• Hypotension (low blood pressure)
• Dangerous interactions with medications

These side effects can vary from person to person. Just because a supplement is available over the counter doesn’t mean it’s safe for everyone. Always talk to your doctor before taking any new supplement, especially if you are on other medications or have health conditions.

So, Can You Increase GLP-1 Naturally?

Some healthy habits may help your body produce more natural GLP-1:

• Eat more protein-rich foods (like eggs, fish, and beans)
• Add fiber-rich foods (like vegetables and whole grains) to your diet
• Exercise regularly

Eating slowly and avoiding large spikes in blood sugar may also help keep GLP-1 activity steady. While these lifestyle habits won’t match the results of medication, they can improve your overall health, energy, and weight over time.

The Evidence Doesn’t Support GLP-1 Probiotics and Supplements for Weight Loss

GLP-1 probiotics and supplements might sound like an easy fix for weight loss, but the evidence isn’t there. These products do not contain GLP-1, do not act like prescription drugs, and are not proven to help you lose weight in a meaningful or reliable way. They also come with risks and are not tightly regulated.

If you’re thinking about trying a GLP-1 supplement or GLP-1 probiotic, be cautious. Talk to your doctor, and don’t believe everything you read online. There is no shortcut to safe and lasting weight loss. Real results come from science-backed treatments and long-term healthy habits.

Talk With Others Who Understand

MyObesityTeam is the social network for people with obesity and their loved ones. On MyObesityTeam, members come together to ask questions, give advice, and share their stories with others who understand life with obesity.

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